弗蘭克·勞埃德·賴特,美國建筑師、室內設計師、作家、教育家。 賴特是20世紀上半葉最有影響的建筑師之一,設計了超過1000個建筑設計、其中完成了約500棟建筑 。 賴特相信建筑的設計應該達到人類與環境之間的和諧,一套他稱之為“有機建筑”的哲學。 有機建筑最佳的實例便是賴特所設計的流水別墅(1935年),被譽為“美國史上最偉大的建筑物”。
賴特對現代建筑有很大的影響,但是他的建筑思想和歐洲新建筑運動的代表人物有明顯的差別,他走的是一條獨特的道路。他對于傳統的重新解釋,對于環境因素的重視,對于現代工業化材料的強調,特別是鋼筋混凝土的采用,和一系列新的技術(比如空調的采用)。為以后的設計家們提供了一個探索的、非學院派和非傳統的典范,他的設計方法也成為日后新探索的重要借鑒。
在賴特超過70年的建筑師生涯(1887年-1959年)中,設計了一系列各式建筑,包括辦公室、教堂、摩天大樓、旅館和博物館,另外還包含許多室內物品的設計,如家俱、花窗玻璃。 賴特一生著作二十本書與許多文章,并且是一位受歡迎的講者。 生前就已經廣為人知的賴特,在1991年被美國建筑師學會稱之為“最偉大的美國建筑師”。
主要作品列表
Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, 1956–1961
Beth Sholom Synagogue, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, 1954
Child of the Sun, Florida Southern College, Lakeland, Florida, 1941–1958
Dana-Thomas House, Springfield, Illinois, 1902
Darwin D. Martin House, Buffalo, New York, 1903–1905
Dr. G.C. Stockman House, Mason City, IA, 1908
Ennis House, Los Angeles, 1923
Fallingwater (Edgar J. Kaufmann Sr. Residence), Bear Run, Pennsylvania, 1935–1937
First Unitarian Society of Madison, Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin, 1947
Frank Lloyd Wright Home and Studio, Oak Park, Illinois, 1889–1909
Gammage Auditorium, Tempe, Arizona, 1959–1964
Graycliff. Buffalo, NY 1926
First Jacobs House, 1936–1937
Herbert F. Johnson Residence ("Wingspread"), Wind Point, WI, 1937
Hollyhock House (Aline Barnsdall Residence), Los Angeles, 1919–1921
Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, Japan, 1923 (demolished, 1968; entrance hall reconstructed at Meiji Mura near Nagoya, Japan, 1976)
Johnson Wax Headquarters, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936
Kenneth Laurent House It is the only home Wright designed to be handicapped accessible. Built in 1949 in Rockford, Illinois.
Kentuck Knob, Ohiopyle, Pennsylvania, 1956
Larkin Administration Building, Buffalo, New York, 1903 (demolished, 1950)
Marin County Civic Center, San Rafael, CA, 1957–1966
Marshall Erdman Prefab Houses, various locations, 1956–1960
Midway Gardens, Chicago, Illinois, 1913 (demolished, 1929)
Clubhouse at the Nakoma Golf Resort, Plumas County, California, Designed in 1923. Opened in 2000.
Park Inn Hotel is the last standing Wright designed hotel, Mason City, Iowa, 1910
Price Tower, Bartlesville, Oklahoma, 1952–1956
Frederick C. Robie Residence, Chicago, Illinois, 1909
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York City, 1956–1959
Taliesin I, Spring Green, Wisconsin, 1911
Taliesin III, Spring Green, Wisconsin, 1925
Taliesin West, Scottsdale, Arizona, 1937
The Illinois, mile-high tower in Chicago, 1956 (unbuilt)
Unity Temple, Oak Park, Illinois, 1904
Usonian homes, various locations, 1930s–1950s
V. C. Morris Gift Shop, San Francisco, 1948
Westhope (Richard Lloyd Jones Residence, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1929
William H. Winslow House, River Forest, Illinois, 1894
Ward Winfield Willits Residence, and Gardener’s Cottage and Stables, Highland Park, Illinois, 1901
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